Women s Rights Of Women - 1393 Words

Women all over the world are being treated different than men. Iran is one of the places that women are being treated the worst. From restrictions to punishments, women in Iran are being treated with no respect, and that is not okay. Women’s rights activists have tried to get it to change, and have traveled to many places to try and get more people to join their movement. There are many issues with women not having the same rights as men. One of the main problems is that they are treated less than men, and many people feel that treating them less is okay, and it doesn’t have to change. Women in Iran can not go watch sports in a stadium. â€Å"Women’s rights are severly restricted in Iran, to the point where women are even forribeden from watching men’s sports in stadiums.† https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/10/28/womens-rights-iran In Iran, volleyball is a big thing, and women are not aloud to go to stadiums to watch men play volleyball. It doesn’t matter if they are the woman s son or brother. They can not leave the country without their husband s permission. â€Å"One of Iran s female football stars will be unable to play in an international tournament because her husband has refused to give her permission to travel abroad as required by Iranian law.†http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/1186 9292/Iranian-female-football-star-banned-from-travelling-by-husband.html Iranian women also can not dress how the want, they have to wear a head scarf and a long over coatShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesa myriad of women have expressed through outlets such as public assemblies, literature, and speeches. There have been three waves of the women’s movement, each targeting a variety of issues within each era. The third wave was in 1995, where Hillary Clinton spoke in Beijing, China, claiming that women’s rights were the same as human rights, that every aspiring girl deserved the civil liberties that every man was given around the world. Moreover, the movement had shifted towards women in developingRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1265 Words   |  6 Pagesstands in the way of women being equal to men? Journalist Carlin Flora suggests the following, â€Å"While not all claims to humanity are universal and no one context, culture or continent can truly represent all peoples, the following three examples from very different contexts, cultures and continents show that some violations of women’s human rights are universal. In particular, it is still the case the world over that a woman’s reproductive rights, which impact on her right to life, are still seenRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women881 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty –first century ladies are discovering it a daunting task to keep up both sexual orientation parts as an aftereffect of the women s activist development. They are presently assuming liability for both the supplier and the nurturer, battling like never before to acquire and keep a superior personal satisfaction. Woman s rights has supported in equivalent vocation opportunity, battling to get ladies acknowledged into the employment advertise, and what initially began as ladies strengtheningRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe early 1920’s, w omen thought they had achieved the unachievable. They could finally work, keep their earned wages, marry whomever they please, and even vote. After reaching their goal and fighting vigorously, women could taste equality and the freedom they deserved. While women still have the right to work in today’s society, women are not exactly treated equal in the workplace. Regardless of the past and the extreme measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for both men and women, there are manyRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1590 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 1920s, women were ignored in every aspect of their life. From politics, to social situations, women were constantly looked at as lesser. The 20s was a decade of women ready to fight for their rights. From gaining social freedoms, to getting political rights, the 20s was the first decade of feminism. Many women played key roles in the fight for women s rights through speeches, marches, and much more. The women that fought for their righ ts in the 1920s completely changed how women live their livesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s suffrage has stretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals in the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with women earning combat roles in the military, women’s rolesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1206 Words   |  5 Pagesto speak of women and the role of women in this election, the subject of women is tiresome but necessary in a world where gender is still existent as an obstacle for most. I cannot identify what woman is. I am basing my definition from our modern understanding of woman, our gener al view, and the popular experience. People are using younger women voting for Bernie Sanders as proof of gender’s irrelevant in this election, that women have achieved their rights. Even if women ‘have rights now’ it doesRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1272 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout history, women have fought a strenuous battle for equal rights. Many men, and even some women, all over the world believe that women do not share the same value and importance to society as men do. On September 5, 1995, Hillary Clinton spoke at the 4th World Conference on Women, on behalf of women all over the world. Clinton raised awareness on how women s rights are being violated and why it is important to recognize women s rights as equal to everyone else’s rights. Even today, in 2016Read MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe family has traditionally been the basic unit of Chinese society where women have long been charged with upholding society s values in their roles as wives and m others. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, women were required to balance society s ideals with the reality of raising a family and maintaining a household. Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings. The revered philosopherRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1159 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s Rights is an extremely ethical topic that is surrounded by ethical theories and has a lot of history. While some of the theoretical systems in ethics have helped to gain women their rights, others have assisted in preventing women rights. Women in America have seen much improvement in our modern day society regarding Women’s Rights, but what about the women in less economically stable countries? Women continue to fight against abuse, hatred, and discrimination worldwide. I will be discussing

Alcohol Behaviors Among First Year Students Essay

Alcohol Behaviors amongst First Year Students In Correlation to their Health and Academic Success Mohammed Yusuf University of Ontario Institute of Technology Alcohol Behaviors amongst First Year Students In Correlation to their Mental Health and Academic Success Every year students enrol themselves into an institution of higher education, whether it be college or university. Students of different backgrounds and their varying reasons all place importance in getting an education. Getting an education can be expensive (subject to the type and level of study) and is the most important investment of time and money a student will probably make in his/her life. On top of the financial stress, first year students are faced with increased workloads, back to back deadlines along with work and family responsibilities. During these stressful times, young adults some of who might be underage turn to the alcohol to cope with the stress. Sure, social drinking can be â€Å"safe† but it does not take long before social drinking turns into binge or problematic drinking of which the effects are well known. Alcohol misuse among first year students does not protect their best interests because of the various mental health implications it can have on their performance. Bad performance equals bad grades and bad grades equal a wasted investment. Therefore it is paramount that responsible alcohol behaviours are the main focus amongst educational institutions to ensure theirShow MoreRelatedAlcohol And Drugs And Their Effects On First Year Students1544 Words   |  7 PagesAlcohol and Drugs and their Effects on First-Year Students Alcohol has been a part of human society for millennia. It can be found in churches, gas stations, supermarkets, and nearly everywhere else. Drugs are becoming more ubiquitous as well, with the legalization of cannabis now active in some form in 25 states (Maciag â€Å"State†). However, no single place is more saturated with alcohol and drugs than the college campus. Despite the troves of research that have been done to give evidence that theyRead MoreUnderage Alcohol And Alcohol Abuse1597 Words   |  7 Pagesdrug and alcohol abuse in schools whether its at the high school or college level. Not only does drug and alcohol consumption effect your overall health, it can effect your academic performance as well. In this paper I am going to be talking about the problems with drug and alcohol abuse, preventions, risks, costs and much more. We are going to dissect the problems with drug alcohol consumption amongst young adults, from high school to college, and I will be talking a bout how students are gettingRead MoreEffects Of On Campus Housing On College Students Drinking Behavior1565 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of on-campus housing on college students’ drinking behavior: A Literature Review Educational scholars have widely researched the effects of on-campus housing on the behavior of college students and one of the behavioral effects is on drinking behavior. Researchers from both the United States and New Zealand have found that students living in residential halls on campus demonstrate the greatest rates for drinking and peer pressure for drinking (Rickwood, et al., 2011.). Leontini, et al.Read MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students Essay825 Words   |  4 Pagesto define what in reality means. As for college students would define it as a way to drink non-stop, just for fun, or excessively drinking until drunk. Binge drinking can be interpreted in a scientific form, like NIAAA defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL. This typically occurs after 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men—in about 2 hours. (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism). It would variate betweenRead MoreIs It Really Just College?1033 Words   |  5 Pagesmost underage kids will have a beer sometime in their college experience. About 25 percent of college students report academic consequences of their drinking including missing class, falling behind, doing poorly on exams or papers, and receiving lower grades overall. Ultimately, receiving treatment can improve an individual’s chances of success in overcoming an AUD and asking for help is the first step. The stigma for asking for help as a weakness must be shattered, because in reality asking for helpRead More The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pagesmay not in particular. Alcohol use among teenagers is a serious problem and is responsible for death and injury in automobile accidents, physical and emotional disability, deterioration of academic performances, aggressive behavior that causes a number of other sociological problems in families and among friends. It i s also the primary cause of criminal behavior and a leading cause of broken marriages. As we know its a broad topic therefore Ill look at the role that alcohol plays in the society andRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Binge Drinking in College Students Binge drinking is when a person has more than four drinks, if female and five if male, in one sitting. While researching texts written about the negative effects of binge drinking in college students, I found articles and scholarly journals written by specialists in this specific field of study. These authors mainly focus on the fact that excessive binge drinking is detrimental to the quality of life and can alter your state of health in a negativeRead MoreAlcoholism and College Students Essay925 Words   |  4 Pages Alcohol abuse is a serious health problem when it comes to college students. The average amount of binge drinkers on college campuses is 50% of men and 39% of women (a href=http://www.oregoncounseling.org/ArticlesPapers/http://www.oregoncounseling.org/ArticlesPapers//a). There are various reasons why students drink and serious short and long term effects on the body and mind. Alcoholism is a serious problem for college students and there are many actions being taken to try to lessenRead MoreEssay on Alcohol and Drug Abuse Among College Students713 Words   |  3 PagesAlcohol and Drug Abuse Among College Students Alcohol and drug abuse has been an active habit among college students sense the 1960s. The immediate cause of this behavior was the youth’s need to rebel against the overly conservative American society. This rebellion led to a since of freedom for the young adults, which caused them to continue acting in these unintelligent manners. After a short period of time, late teens just did not belong if they were not participating in the mischievousRead MoreA Study of College Drinking Essay examples1497 Words   |  6 Pagesessential basis in regards to college binge drinking and the effects said behavior is having on those college students who choose to over-indulge. Given the situation over the literature pertaining to college binge drinking and poor academic grades, it is important to ask if such research is assisting college students in proper alternatives when choosing to consume alcohol (College Drinking, 2005). In order for success; college students must put in the effo rt; and participate in surveys, focus groups, and

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation. Answer: Introduction: Recycling wastewater means that it is the same water that is used hence water from other areas is not utilized. In places where there is plenty of fresh water normally suffer when their water is taken hence recycling water will it only ensure that their water is maintained but also environmental sustainability is promoted(Bonomo, 2011, p. 535). In most cases, the process of recycling water inhibits its removal from delicate ecosystems and also prevents the wastewater from polluting other water bodies such as seas or oceans. This process ensures that the waste water such as sewage is treated and reutilized thereby the saving the aquatic life from pollution(Partners, 2012, p. 430). Increases Irrigation Benefits According to EPA recycled water contains best properties such as high levels of nitrogen which are of high benefit to irrigation systems(Hamidi Abdul Aziz, 2014, p. 332). Improved Wetlands There a lot of being benefits derived from the wetlands including accommodating wildlife, sustaining the aquatic life, improving water quality and lessening of floods, according to the EPA. The addition of recycled water to dried wetlands helps in sustaining their survival. Provides Future Water Supply Recycling wastewater ensures that there is absolutely hope of water by the future generation. Reduced transportation costs Industries that produce a high volume of wastewater find it difficult in transporting it hence recycling the wastewater will greatly eliminate the costs incurred when transporting the wastewater. Additionally, there will also be a reduction in demand for new water sources since there will be plenty of readily available treated wastewater(Kurbiel, 2009, p. 978). Lower Operation Costs Besides, the repeated use of recycled wastewater is comparatively cheaper as compared to the use fresh water. Else, using fresh water also slowly eliminates the freshwater bodies rendering them obsolete and polluted. Treatment Process This system will function based on the physical principles, chemical and biological principles to eliminate the pollutants from the water. Hence it will entail three stages namely; primary treatment, secondary treatment and finally the tertiary treatment process or the advanced treatment(Kurbiel, 2009, p. 432). There are various strategies which have been put into place at each and every stage to ensure that the water is of high quality as described below. Primary Treatment This stage utilizes simple and sustainable mechanical and biological processes to eliminate the first half of the pollutants present in the wastewater. It comprises of bar screens, grit chamber and the primary clarification. Bar screens These are screens which are mechanical in nature and they are responsible for eliminating larger particles or instance plastic rags, rocks etc. There is the presence of a rake placed horizontally on a ragged gear drive which takes the captured wastes to a conveyor which in turn places the wastes into a dumpster for exclusion(Partners, 2012, p. 909). Grit chamber In this section, the flowing wastewater enters this chamber which is aerated to allow fine grit particles to settle. Primary clarification After the water passes through the grit chamber, it is allowed into the primary clarifies which regulates the speed of the water flow to allow bigger particles to settle. These particles then are digested and dried for useful purposes such as composting(Partners, 2012, p. 434). At the end of the primary treatment, the quality of water is a bit increased and can be quantifiable be graded at 20%. Secondary treatment This stage uses biological means of eliminating the remaining pollutants. It has the following sections; aeration basins and the final clarifiers Aeration basins The wastewater is allowed to the aeration basins which helps in mixing the water with oxygen. The bacterial microorganisms present then take in the organic material. The microorganisms convert solids that have not settled to a form that they easily settle and thereafter they get absorbed in the final clarifiers as bio solids(Russell L. Culp, 2011, p. 754). Final Clarifiers At this stage, the solids which are still remaining settle here and get digested, however, some are taken back to the aeration chamber to be released into the incoming wastewater. At the end of the primary treatment, the quality of water is a bit increased and can be quantifiable be graded at 71%(Kurbiel, 2009, p. 843). After the primary and the secondary processes of water treatment, the water finally undergoes chemical treatment. This stage comprises of sand filters, disinfectants and DE chlorinators. Sand filters Upon leaving the secondary treatment stage, the water goes into sand filters which primarily eliminates any solids that have been left out. The advantage with this filtering system is that it can be easily observed when it is under operation. These filters are located between the disinfection chamber and the final clarifiers(Russell L. Culp, 2007, p. 444). Disinfection and DE chlorination Water from the sand filters is passed through the chlorine chambers for disinfection whereby the remaining microorganism are done away with. Thereafter, the chlorine is eliminated by the aid of sulphur dioxide since sulphur is not desirable to be present in the water bodies. At the end of the advanced treatment, the quality of water is a bit increased and can be quantifiable be graded at 93%(Skarheim, 2008, p. 783). Outfall After the whole water treatment process, the water is now clean and ready to be released into the environment. At the point where water is released into the environment is called the outfall. Solid waste processing During the treatment processes, bio solids are generated from each stage. These bio solids are very beneficial to the environment and should be decomposed. They act as natural organic fertilizer and also as soil conditioners. Besides, these bio solids can be utilized agriculturally by providing the full micronutrients and essential nutrients required by a healthy plant growth. Thus, they can be applied directly to the Land or applied in gardens and lawns as compost manure. Below are ways of processing bio solids(Skarheim, 2008, p. 498). Thickening In this chamber, air under high pressure is forced into the liquid where it gets dissolved and then it is allowed into the sludge. At the sludge, tiny air bubbles rise carrying the solids into the surface(Russell L. Culp, 2007, p. 523). Anaerobic digester Here, the sludge which has settled into the primary clarifiers is pumped in for stabilization. The air inside the tank is restricted and cannot escape at any point thereby encouraging anaerobic respiration(Skarheim, 2008, p. 436). De watering This process is meant to remove water from the digested solids. It is mechanically done using belt filter press or through squeezing. Below is the flow chart diagram Technically, Wastewater refers to the water which is combined with water materials and then released to the environment. The sources of the waste materials range widely from residential to industrial, institution and also to commercial. These wastes are harmful to the environment and also to human thus a more friendly and sustainable way should be put into place to ensure they are done away with(Kurbiel, 2009, p. 977). The whole process of wastewater treatment process involves biological, mechanical and sludge treatment process and it is done in structures called wastewater treatment plants. Assuming that the following information is provided to be used in the design of a wastewater plant; -M is the last two digits of group members when averaged and other values have been assumed as per the references and citations, the wastewater CONTAINS impurities that are big sized i.e. Bottles and hair(Steven E. Esmond, 2009, p. 852). Designing, Silt particles having a diameter and density of 0.017*(1+M*0.1) cm and 3*(1-M*0.1) g/cm3 respectively. Design a grit chamber and write down the merits of an aerated grit chamber? Solution Grit chamber: M = 5 O the particles = 0.017*(1+ M*0.1)/100 = 0.000255 m Density = 3*(1-M*0.1) = 1500 kg/m3 From introduction to environmental engineering book, the temperature of wastewater 22 degrees Celsius, while the density of density is approximately 1000 kg/m3 .besides, the viscosity is 0.995 mPa. Silt particles diameter is 0.000255 m., length of the grit chamber = 13.5m Vs. =g* {(s )*d}/18 but g =9.8, s=1500, =1000, d=0.000255m, =0.995 Hence replacing; Vs. = 9.8 (15001000)0.000255/18(0.995) = 0.0177 m/s settling velocity Reynolds number is thus calculated as shown; Re =settling velocity * silt diameter / viscosity = (0.0177)*(0.000255)/ (0.000995/1000) = 4.54 Assuming that horizontal velocity =0.25m/original velocity is Vo = 0.028 m/s, rate of flow = 0.15 m3/s, channel width= 0.56m The cross sectional area is calculated by dividing the flow rate by horizontal velocity. A = (0.15 m3/s)/ (0.25m/s) = 0.60 m2 Height of the flow is obtained by; area/channel width = 0.60/0.56 h =1.07m The time taken by the particle to reach the bottom of the chamber is evaluated by t=h/Vs. = 1.07/0.028 = 38.2 s Comparing with the total time taken by the particles in the grit chamber will use the assumed grit chamber length and horizontal velocity of 13.5 m and 0.25 m/s respectively(Russell L. Culp, 2007, p. 232). Thus, t = 13.5/0.025 = 54s, hence the particle will have no doubt be contained in the chamber Overflow velocity = 0.15/ (13.5*0.56) =19.8 mm/s Diving by the settling viscosity to obtain the ratio, Vs. /Vo = 17.7 / 19.8 = 0.893 which is less than 1. This means that particles having a diameter equal to this would settle in the bottom of the chamber. Advantages of aerated grit chamber: Below are some of the merits that come with this design of the aerated grit chamber, The effluent removal efficiency is Consistent for a longer period. The pre aeration process helps to improve downstream performance which alternatively reduces the incoming wastewater septic conditions(Steven E. Esmond, 2009, p. 500). The versatile nature of the aerated grit chambers helps in enabling the addition and mixing of chemical and also flocculation process. The maintenance cost is greatly reduced(Hamidi Abdul Aziz, 2014, p. 224). This design is very simple since there are no underwater parts that are in motion Besides, the lift pumping can be enabled by a blower The primary purpose of the equalization basin is improving the efficiency of secondary treatment and progressive treatment processes. Thus, the design will firstly involve the determination of the average flow, which is 0.1404 m3/s as can be seen from the above table. The flows are then organized starting with the time and flow which surpasses the average flow and time. I.e. t= 0900h at flow v= 0.1965m3/s. below is the table arrangement. The other columns have been generated as shown below. Volume inflow = inflow *time difference (1hour)*3600 seconds per hour Volume outflow = outflow *time difference (1hour)*3600 seconds per hour dS= inflow volume outflow volume The required volume for the equalization basin is the maximum cumulative storage. With the requirement for 25 percent excess, the volume would then be(Kurbiel, 2009, p. 522). The maximum cumulative volume/ storage would then be obtained by a 25% excess of volume i.e. =125/ 100 * 2219.4 =27774.25 m3. The average concentration is determined as. Sav= inflow volume at certain time interval * average BOD5 concentration at certain time interval + previous time interval final volume of basin water * BOD5 concentration in the basin) initial volume + settling volume. Design of the Primary sedimentation Using the following set of data, evaluate the design of the primary sedimentation with regards to the detention time, weir loading and the overflow rate. Design data. Length of the weir = 75m, Concentration of sludge = 6 %, Flow = 0.1965 m3/s., Efficiency to be achieved = 60%, Effective Length = 40 m, depth of the liquid = 2 m, Influent= 286 mg/l. Width = 10 m Detention time= tank volume / flow, = {40*10*2/ 0.1965}/ 3600 = 1.13 h which is reasonably good. The overflow rate= flow /surface area. Vo = 0.000491 x 86400 = 42.4 m/d which is reasonably good. The weir loading = flow/length of the weir = 0.00262 x 86400 = 226.368 m3/d. m which is reasonably good. Design of the secondary settling tank. Taking the average overflow rate obtained above of 42.4 m/d, the diameter of the secondary tank is first computed as shown below, Area = (0.150 86400) /42.4 = 305.66 m2 = ?D2/4 Hence the diameter is approximate D= 20 m Selecting an SWD of 3.7 m settling basin table and thus checking the solids loading, we obtain SL = 2500 0.3 ? (20)2/4 = 750/314 *10-3*86400 = 206.36 kg/d .m2. Comparing this rate with the maxima in the figure above. We can deduce that; Assuming SVI= 175 f, the extreme permissible loading is 200 kg/d .m2. The weir loading, WL = 0.15 86400 ? (20) = 206.36 m3/dm. Which is reasonably accepted since it does not exceed prescribed weir loading in GLUMRB Ways of handling sludge Sludge is basically a bio solid or residue that is responsible for the storage in sewage treatment plants and its proper handling ensures that it is properly consumed. The treatment comprises of the various process involving stabilization, dehydration, burning, absorption, and dewatering. Below are ways of handling the bio solids(Skarheim, 2008, p. 357). Agriculturally though inorganic manure production It can also be used as compost manure Landfilling Merits and drawbacks of biological phosphorus elimination process Advantages The ability of dewatering is not altered hence resulting to high-quality sludge Low content of saline is obtained The biological elimination means that no chemicals are produced during sludge production Besides, the inhabitation of nitrification process is reduced Drawbacks Some phosphorus content is released during treatment process There is Reliance on wastewater composition hence the process may not be stable at times The volume index of the sludge is influenced negatively Cost analysis: infrastructure cost maintenance cost (energy consumption) During the water treatment process, various form of energy is involved I.e. electrical, chemical and also manual. These forms can be classified as either renewable, nonrenewable or indirect form of energy. Below is the estimation of how the various forms are consumed This comes as a result of the load in the motor which is operated for a specific period of time in hours. Assuming that the motor is having an efficiency of 0.8, below will be the approximate kilowatt-hour usage for the total energy specifics. The total amount of energy consumed is found to be approximately 1.03kWh/m3 of wastewater treatment which is considerably lower than the values which are contained in the literature for large-scale wastewater treatment plants. Thus making this kind of design more adaptable Conclusion Recycled wastewater has a lot of benefits such as environmental benefits, improvement of the wetlands, lowering of the operation costs, reducing transportation costs, increasing irrigation benefits as well as providing future water supply. This project involved the design of a wastewater treatment plant address various risks as indicated above, the data used in the design have been assumed and the various stages have been designed including the secondary settling tank, grit chamber, primary sedimentation tank and the equalization basin, besides the theoretical aspects of the benefits and reason as to why the waste water treatment plant should be adopted have been well explained(Skarheim, 2008, p. 667). References Bonomo, L., 2011. Advanced Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse: Selected Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse. 4th ed. Virginia: Pergamon Press. Hamidi Abdul Aziz, A. M., 2014. Wastewater Engineering: Advanced Wastewater Treatment Systems. 3rd ed. Chicago: IJSR Publications. Kurbiel, J., 2009. Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: Proceedings of the IAWPRC Conference Held in Cracow, Poland, 2nd ed. Virginia: Pergamon Press. Partners, G., 2012. Engineering SoundBite: Advanced Wastewater Treatment. 2nd ed. Carlisle: Guyer Press. Russell L. Culp, G. L. C., 2007. Advanced wastewater treatment. 1st ed. Westminster: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Russell L. Culp, G. M. W. G. L. C., 2011. Handbook of Advanced Wastewater Treatment. 2nd ed. Michigan: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Skarheim, H. P., 2008. Biological Monitoring of an Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant. 2nd ed. New York Hans Petter Skarheim press. Steven E. Esmond, T. A. . M. U. M. E. R. L., 2009. The removal of metals and viruses in advanced wastewater treatment sequences, Volume 1. 2nd ed. Leicester: Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.